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Haematological Changes in Bubaline Brucellosis in Malwa Region of Madhya Pradesh

Sachin Verma G. P. Jatav Supriya Shukla A. K. Jayraw S. D. Audarya Rashmi Yadav Vivek Agrawal
Vol 9(4), 134-137
DOI- http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20181114063329

Brucellosis is the widely prevalent disease throughout India causing economic losses to the tune of Rs. 350 million. The current status of bovine brucellosis in India is not clear. However, the incidence of the disease is increasing in all the states of the country. Scanty literature is available on bubaline brucellosis from Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, therefore study was conducted to analyse the haematological changes in infected animals. Samples were collected from 150 buffaloes (both lactating and non-lactating) from slaughter house and nearby areas of Mhow and Indore. Out of 150 serum samples, 20 serum samples were found positive for Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). Out of 18 milk samples, 7 milk samples were found positive for Milk Ring Test (MRT) and 10 samples found positive for California mastitis test (CMT). Haematological studies revealed decrease in neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, lymphocyte and total erythrocyte counts in RBPT positive while increase in haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total ertythrocyte count in MRT and CMT positive animals.


Keywords : Brucellosis Buffaloes CMT Hematological Changes MRT RBPT

Brucellosis is one of the five main notifiable bacterial diseases of zoonotic importance in the world.  Mild hematologic abnormalities, such as anaemia and leukopenia, are common in the course of human brucellosis (Crossby et al., 1984). Therefore, present study was conducted to analyse the haematological changes in infected buffaloes.

 

Material and Methods

The present study was conducted in the Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow (M. P). Whole blood (n=150), serum (n=150) and milk (n=18) samples were collected from buffaloes (both lactating and non-lactating) from Cantonment Board, Mhow, slaughter house and nearby areas of Mhow and Indore. Serum and milk samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Milk Ring Test (MRT), respectively to detect anti-Brucella antibodies as per standard protocol described by OIE (2012). The milk samples were also tested for California Mastitis Test (Schalm et al., 1971). The haematological parameters like total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count (DLC), total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were carried out as per standard procedures described by Wills et al. (2010). The blood smears were stained with Wright Stain (modified Wright’s stain), following the method described by Wills et al. (2010) with slight modification. Mean values of different haematological parameters are presented in the present investigation.

Results

In the present study, out of 150 serum samples of buffaloes, 20 serum samples were found positive for RBPT. Out of 18 buffalo milk samples, 7 milk samples were found positive for MRT and their hematological values (Mean ± S.E.) shown in Table 1. Out of 18 buffalo milk samples, 10 milk samples were found positive for CMT and their haematological values (Mean ± S.E.) are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Haematological values (Mean ± S.E.) for RBPT, MRT and CMT positive buffaloes

Parameter RBPT(+ve) MRT(+ve) CMT(+ve)
(n=20) (n=7) (n=10)
TLC (thousand/mm3) 8.327±9.049 8.457±1.588 8.575±1.150
  Neutrophils 35.500±2.259 50.425±4.540 44.200±4.637
  Lymphocytes 56.750±3.087 43.148±3.835 48.800±3.969
DLC Monocytes 3.150±0.736 4.574±3.256 5.100±2.465
(%) Eosinophils 1.600±0.297 1.851±0.340 1.900±0.547
  Basophils 0 0 0
TEC (million/µl) 6.740±0.234 6.787±0.664 5.800±0.301
Hb (gram/dl) 13.625±0.479 12.712±1.447 11.000±0.534
PCV (%) 40.800±1.414 40.712±3.974 34.800±1.857

Discussion

In the present study, the haematology of 20 blood samples of RBPT positive buffaloes was performed the haematological values were recorded as total leucocyte count (TLC) and lymphocytic count was found in the normal range, whereas neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and total erythrocyte count (TEC) decreased with slight increase in haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). Findings of the present study are in line with the findings of Crosby et al. (1984) with neutropenia whereas in contrast with their other findings like leukopenia and lymphopenia, Hussain et al. (2012) recorded higher neutrophil population, Sikder et al. (2012) with slight diminution in total erythrocyte count (TEC), whereas values of total leucocyte count (TLC), monocyte and eosinophils were increased which was not observed in the present investigation. The MRT positive haematological values for buffaloes indicated slight increase in neutrophil, haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) with decrease in eosinophils, lymphocyte and total erythrocyte count (TEC).  Findings of the present study match with the findings of Crosby et al. (1984) for leukopenia, Hussain et al. (2012) for neutrophil population and Sikder et al. (2012) for total erythrocyte count (TEC) and contrast with the findings of Crosby et al. (1984) for neutropenia, and anemia and Sikder et al. (2012) for neutrophil and eosinophils counts.

Haematology of CMT positive buffaloes showed slight increase in the values of total leucocyte count (TLC), neutrophil and monocyte whereas the diminution in lymphocyte, eosinophils and total erythrocyte count (TEC) with normal haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). Findings of the current study are in consonance with the findings of Hussain et al. (2012) for neutrophils, Sikder et al. (2012) for total erythrocyte count (TEC) and Crosby et al. (1984) for leukopenia whereas findings of the present investigation are in contrast with the findings of Sikder et al. (2012) for neutrophil, eosinophil and total leucocyte count (TLC).

Conclusion

In the present study, overall values of neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, lymphocyte and total erythrocyte count were decreased in case of RBPT positive buffaloes whereas, increase in values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total leucocyte count was recorded in MRT and CMT positive buffaloes.

Acknowledgment                                                 

The authors are highly thankful to Head of Institute (Dean) college of veterinary science and animal husbandry, Mhow and NDVSU, Jabalpur for supporting this study.

References

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