Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Therapeutic Aspect

Ravipati Poojitha; Arpita Shrivastav; Neeraj Shrivastava; Nitesh Kumar; Swatantra Singh; Rajeev Ranjan

Authors

Ravipati Poojitha MVSc Scholar
Arpita Shrivastav Associate Professor
Neeraj Shrivastava Associate Professor Department of Microbiology
Nitesh Kumar Professor Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology
Swatantra Singh Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology
Rajeev Ranjan

Keywords:

Antimicrobial Peptides, Homology Modeling, Omiganan, Pexiganan, Resistance

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides which are already known for several decades and are an important element of the natural immunity obtained from practically all living organisms ranging from bacteria, insects, and plants to vertebrates, are supposed to be promising candidates for the various treatments. These agents came into focus as new treatment strategies for bacterial infections. The existing scenario of antimicrobial resistance shows concern about a post-antibiotic era with no antimicrobial treatment options. Antimicrobial peptides are short and generally positively charged peptides found in a large diversity of living forms. These are multifunctional effectors of the natural immune system of mucosal surfaces and present antimicrobial activity against a range of pathogenic viruses, microorganisms, and fungi with great possibility of novel antibiotics. Therapeutic applications are hindered by their low stability, toxicity, and high manufacturing cost. An approach to studying the pharmacokinetics of antimicrobial peptides in animals has been developed. Most antimicrobial peptides can destroy infectious organisms directly, whereas others act by altering the host defense mechanisms. Several antimicrobial peptides are at present being evaluated in experimental trials as new anti-infectives, but also as new pharmacological agents to amend the immune response, help wound healing, and check post-surgical grip. There are still plenty of ways and constraints to develop these peptides for experimental applications, and the original formulation and strategies for the application in various aspects of treatment.

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