Livestock and Poultry Sector in Odisha - Current Status, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Rajalaxmi Behera; Arpita Mohapatra; Soumya Dash; Adhikari Sahu

Authors

Rajalaxmi Behera Scientist, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Regional Station, Bhubaneswar -751003 INDIA
Arpita Mohapatra Scientist, ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, 751003 INDIA
Soumya Dash Scientist, National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur- 493225 INDIA
Adhikari Sahu Assistant Professor, C.V.Sc. & A. H., Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, 751003 INDIA

Keywords:

Buffalo, Cattle, Goat, Livestock, Odisha, Poultry, Sheep

Abstract

As per the Odisha Economic Survey 2020-21, agriculture and allied sectors share 21.27% of the Gross State Value Added (GVA) at current basic prices. The Animal Husbandry sector provides 2.49% of Gross Value Added which is approximately 12% of the state GVA of Agriculture. Odisha has four distinct indigenous cattle breeds: Binjharpuri, Ghumsuri, Khariar, Motu, and three buffalo breeds viz; Chilika, Kalahandi, and Manda. However, a lot of lesser-known buffalo germplasm like Sambalpuri, Paralakhemundi, Jirangi, Arni, and Kujang are also found in the state. Two nationally recognized breeds each of goat (Black Bengal and Ganjam) and sheep (Bolangir and Ganjam) are found in Odisha. However, a lot of indigenous breeds are found like Narayanapatna, Raighar, Malkangiri, Bada Bihan, Dorangi, Koraput hill, and Dalua goat. Edka, Kuzi, Kendrapara, Dharamagarh Sheep, and Koraput sheep are indigenous sheep breeds. Burudi, Pondi or Jhinga, and Ganjam Golla are a few lesser-known pig breeds of Odisha. Hansli and Aseel are recognized chicken breeds. Kuzi, Moti, Raja Hansa, Koraput, and Kalahandi ducks are indigenous duck breeds. According to Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics, (2020), Odisha ranks 12th (2.38 billion numbers) among Indian states in egg production, 16th in milk production (2.38 million tonnes) and 12th in meat production. Approximately 50% of meat is obtained from poultry followed by goat (39%), sheep (9%), and pig (3%). Commercial poultry accounts for 87% of the total egg produced in the state; limiting backyard poultry to only 13%.

References

ARD (2012). Annual Activities Report (2011-12) Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Odisha. Retrieved from URL http://www.http://www.fardodisha.gov.in.

ARD (2020). Annual Activities Report (2019-20) Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Odisha. Retrieved from URL http://www.http://www.fardodisha.gov.in.

ARD (2021). Annual Activities Report (2020-21) Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Odisha. Retrieved from URL http://www.http://www.fardodisha.gov.in.

BAHS, (2020). Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics. Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries, Government of India, New Delhi.

Census (2011), Census of India 2011- Provisional Population Totals - Orissa - Data Sheet, Government of India, New Delhi.Retrieved from URL https://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/orissa/data.

Dairy Knowledge Portal, (2016). Animal Breeding Group, NDDB from Information System on Animal Genetic Resources of India (AGRI-IS)- developed at National Bureau of Animal genetic Resources, Karnal, Hariana, India Retrieved from URL http://14.139.252.116/agris/breed.aspx.

Das, B.C. and Das, J.K. (2016). Livestock Biodiversity of Odisha, Odisha Review –Retrieved from URL https://odishaahvs.nic.in.

Dash, S.K, Sethi, B.P., Deepika, and Prakash, B. (2011). Phenotypic, genetic and cytogenetic characterization of Ghumusari cattle of Odisha- a newly accredited breed. Journal of Livestock Biodiversity 3(1): 1-10.

Dash, S.K. and Sethi, B.P. (2007). Cattle Genetic resources of Odisha MOTU. Published under Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) and Department of Animal Genetic &Breeding, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology (OUAT).

Dash, S.K., Sethi, B.P. and Rao, P.K. (2013). Evaluation of Binjharpuri cattle of India in the native tract. International Journal of Livestock Production 4(7): 102-105.

Government of Odisha report (2019) Cyclone Fani- damage, loss and needs Assessment- Asian Development Bank, ,and World Bank. Retrieved from URL https://https://www.ilo.org.

Government of Odisha Report (2020) Final memorandum on super cyclonic storm “amphan” special relief commissioner revenue & disaster management department (disaster management).Retrived from URL https://srcodisha.nic.in.

Government of Odisha; Asian Development Bank; World Bank. (2013). Cyclone Phailin in Odisha, October 2013: Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment Report. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”Retrieved from URL https://openknowledge.worldbank.org.

ICAR-NBAGR. (2021). Registered Breeds. ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR), Karnal. Haryana. Retrieved from URL http:// www.nbagr.res.in/regpig.html

Livestock Census ( 2019) 20th Livestock Census, All India Report, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Animal Husbandry Statistics Division, Government of India, New Delhi. Retrieved from URL https://www.dahd.nic.in

Mandal, D.K., Mohammad, A., Rai, S. and Ghosh, M.K. (2020). Present Challenges and Future Prospect of Dairy Sector in Eastern and North Eastern India. Policy paper No. : NDRI-ERS-1/2020. ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.

NITI Ayog (2021) National Multidimensional Poverty Index: Baseline Report by NITI Ayog, Government of India, New Delhi. Retrieved from URL https://www.niti.gov.in.

Odisha Economic Survey (2021), Odisha Economic Survey 2020-21, Planning and Convergence Department Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Odisha.Retrieved from URL http://www.desorissa.nic.in

Odisha Profile (2018). Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Arthaniti “O” Parisankhyayan Bhawan, Bhubaneswar Govt. of Odisha. Retrieved from URL http://www.desorissa.nic.in/pdf/odisha-profile-2018.pdf.

Roy,B. C., Mruthyunjaya, and Selvarajan,S. (2002). Vulnerability to Climate Induced Natural Disasters with Special Emphasis on Coping Strategies of the Rural Poor in Coastal Orissa, India, Paper prepared for the UNFCC COP8 Conference organised by the Government of India, United Nations Environment Programmes, and FICCI during October 23-November 1, 2002, Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi, India.

Sethi BP, Dash SK and Ray PC. 2009. Cattle Genetic resources of Odisha KHARIAR. Published under Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) and Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology (OUAT).

Singh, S., Raja, K.N., Arora, R. and Gangully, I. (2015) Monograph on Sheep Genetic Resources of India-Koraput. ICAR–National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal. 85/2015: pp. 26.

Swain, B.B. and Sunani, B. (2015). Souvenir: International Workshop on Improving the Livestock Feeding Practices and Enhancement of Feed and Fodder Availability in Odisha, 27 August 2015. Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India): Society for Management of Information, Learning and Extension. Retrieved from URL https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/69540.