Canine Distemper - Review

Abstract

Canine distemper (CD), is an acute, highly infectious viral disease that is caused by Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. The disease results in the rapid onset of severe leucopenia and loss of lymphocyte proliferation ability resulting in immunosuppression in domestic dogs and many other carnivores. It is distributed worldwide and results in high morbidity and mortality. The most common source of CDV infection is direct contact between susceptible dogs and infected dogs or wildlife. CDV is commonly transmitted by aerosol or droplet exposure from respiratory exudates; however, urine and other secretions also contain an infectious virus. The best way to prevent CD is through Vaccination. This review primarily focuses on the history, host susceptibility, structure, transmission clinical signs, diagnosis, and prevention of CDV.