Challenges of Emerging and Re-Emerging Zoonoses and Strategies for Their Prevention and Control
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20200227015855Keywords:
Control, Emerging, Prevention, Re-Emerging, ZoonosesAbstract
The problems of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses are increasing globally. There are many emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases that have serious impact on health of public as well as animals and economy worldwide. The factors influencing the occurrence of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses include environmental (ecological) changes, changes in farming practices, changes in human demographics and behavior, microbial adaptation and change, technological changes and industrialization, establishment of human settlements in formerly uninhabited areas, intensification of animal production, social and cultural factors, breakdown of host’s defenses, breakdown of public health measures, deficiencies in public health infrastructure, and international travel and trade. The emerging and re-emerging zoonoses can be effectively prevented and controlled by epidemiological investigation of diseases, identification of etiological agents, development of diagnostic tools, collaboration, cooperation, interdisciplinary approach, advancement of laboratories, training of the occupational groups, awareness and effective communication.
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