Studies On the Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis and Its Associated Risk Factors in And Around Ambo Town Oromia Region Central Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20220222021722%20%20%20%20Keywords:
California mastitis test, Dairy farms, Prevalence, Risk factors, Subclinical mastitisAbstract
Mastitis is a major production disease of dairy animals of global importance. A cross sectional study was conducted in and around Ambo town from November 2014 to April 2015 on lactating dairy cows to determine the prevalence of mastitis and associated risk factors. The study was done on 384 lactating cows, of which 120 were local and 264 cross breeds from dairy farms and small stockholders by using questionnaire, clinical examination, and California mastitis test (CMT). Out of 5 dairy farms and 68 small stockholders surveyed, there was no use of machine milking rather they used manual hand milking. Of the total 384 lactating dairy cows examined, 161(42%) cows were infected mastitis with 36 (9.4%) clinical mastitis and 125 (32.6%) subclinical mastitis. Of the potential associated intrinsic cows risk factors considered in this study, breed, parity, age, body condition and milk yield showed significant effects on prevalence of mastitis (p<0.05) in the present study. Floor type showed significant difference (p<0.05) on the prevalence of mastitis among the extrinsic associated risk factors. High prevalence of mastitis was observed in cross breed than local; and cows with age of adult (6-8 years) and old (>9 years) were more susceptible to mastitis. The study also revealed that cows with high milk yield, poor body condition, intensively managed and those kept under bad floor type were more affected by mastitis. The present study revealed that mastitis is the major problem of lactating cows that managed in both dairy farms and small stockholders of different husbandry system, especially subclinical mastitis in the study area. Thus hygiene of the milkers, milking equipment’s and cows at milking and husbandry system, creation of awareness of importance and prevention of subclinical mastitis among dairy farms and small stock holders, milking infected animals and respective quarters at last is recommended.
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