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Leptospirosis – A Major Anthropozoonoic Disease of Global Significance

Mahendra Pal Aklilu Feleke
Vol 2(1), 58-67
DOI-

Leptospirosis is an emerging and re-emerging anthropozoonotic disease of major public health and economic importance. The disease is widespread in diverse geo-climatic zones of the world. Human beings acquire leptospirosis from infected domestic animals, rodents, and contaminated water.Various serovars of Leptospira, including Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona, can infect humans as well as animals. Several occupational workers such as veterinarians, slaughterhouse workers, and farmers etc are at greater risk of acquiring leptospirosis. In addition, vacationers can also be infected while swimming in water contaminated with urine of infected animals. Leptospirosis is still considered an under-diagnosed clinical condition in human beings. The laboratory diagnosis is imperative to confirm the disease. It is thought that treatment will only affect the course of the disease if it is initiated within four days of onset. The complexity of clinical signs and involvement of multiple host species warrants continuous research on the improvement in the diagnostic techniques. Depopulation of rodents, avoidance of contact with water contaminated with animal urine, provision of protective clothing to occupational groups will certainly help to reduce the incidence of leptospirosis.

Keywords : Anrhropozoonosis Leptospirosis Occupational hazard

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