Pathology of Avian Cholera in an African fish Eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer): Case Report

Michael A. Ockiya; Theophilus A. Jarikre; John O. Ajayi

doi:10.5455/ijlr.20201027011307

Authors

Michael A. Ockiya Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Niger-Delta University, Bayelsa, NIGERIA
Theophilus A. Jarikre Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA
John O. Ajayi Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, NIGERIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20201027011307%20%20%20%20%20%20%20

Keywords:

Haliaeetus vocifer, Diagnosis, Pasteurella multocida, Raptor

Abstract

This report describes the pathology of avian cholera in an adult female fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer) from a group of raptors captured from the wetlands of Brass about 100km radius on the Atlantic flyway in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The diagnosis of avian cholera considered the clinical history, gross and microscopic lesions, cultural isolation and characterisation of Pasteurella multocida. The impact of avian cholera and other infectious diseases on raptor and migratory birds populations needs to be well monitored primarily for conservation purposes, disease transmission pattern and for control measures to be properly implemented in the capital entrusted poultry industry.

References

Blackall, P.J., Miflin, J.K. (2000). Identification and typing of Pasteurella multocida: a review. Avian Pathology, 29, 271–287

Christensen, J.P., Bisgaard M. (2000). Fowl cholera. Revue Scientifique et Technique de Le Office Interna tional Des Epizooties 19,629-637.

Deem, S., Terrell, S., Forrester, D. (1998). A retrospective study of morbidity and mortality of raptors in Florida: 1988-1994. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 29, 160-164.

Driscoll, C., Miller, E., Therres, G., Milne, V., Findley, B., Endress, K. (2004). An interagency investigation into causes of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucucephalus) and golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) mortality in Maryland 1998-2004. Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, and American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians, September 2004. San Diego, California, USA, pp 9-16

Elmberg, J., Berg, C., Lerner, H., Waldenström, J., Hessel, R. (2017). Potential disease transmission from wild geese and swans to livestock, poultry and humans: a review of the scientific literature from a One Health perspective. Infection Ecology & Epidemiology, 7(1), 1300450.

Faddoul, G.P., Fellows, G.W, Baird, J. (1987). Pasteurellosis in wild birds in Massachusetts. Avian Diseases 11, 413-418.

Harris, M., Sleeman J. (2007). Morbidity and mortality of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) admitted to the Wildlife Center of Virginia, 1993-2003. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 38, 62-66.

Holt, J.G., Krieg, N. R., Sneath, P. H. A. Staley, J. T. & Williams, S. T. (1994). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th edn (pp. 196). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publications, Hagerstown, MD, USA.

Khan, J. S., Provencher, J. F., Forbes, M. R., Mallory, M. L., Lebarbenchon, C., McCoy, K. D. (2019). Parasites of seabirds: A survey of effects and ecological implications. Advances in Marine Biology, 82, 1–50.

Kocan, AA, Snelling, J., Greiner, E.C. (1977). Some infectious and parasitic diseases in Oklahoma raptors. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 13, 304- 306

Morishita, T., Fullerton, A. Lowenstine, L., Gardner, I., Brooks, D. (1998). Morbidity and mortality in free-living raptorial birds in northern California: a retrospective study, 1983-1994. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 12, 78-81.

Morishita, T.Y., Lowenstine, L.J., Hirsh, D.C., Dale, L (1997). Lesions Associated with Pasteurella multocida Infection in Raptors. Avian Diseases 41 (1), 203-213

Okoh, A.E.J. (1980). An Outbreak of Pasteurellosis in Kano. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 16(1), 1-5

Rimler, R.B., Glisson, J.R.. (1997). Fowl cholera. In Diseases of Poultry, 10th ed., B.W Calnek, Barnes, E. W Beard, L.R. McDougald, and M. Sail' (eds.). Iowa State University Press, Ames, lA, U.S.A, pp. 143-161.

Rimler, R.B., Sandhu, T.S., Glisson, J.R. (1998). Pasteurellosis infectious serositis and pseudotuberculosis. In: Smayne, D.E., Glisson, J.P., Jackwood, M.W., Pearson, J.E., Reed, W.M. (Eds.), A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation and Identification of Avian Pathogens, fourth ed. American Association of Veterinary Pathologists, Pennsylvania, pp. 17–25.

Samanta, I., Bandyopadhyay, S. (2017). Infectious Diseases. Pet bird diseases and care, 13–166.

Sehgal R. N. (2010). Deforestation and avian infectious diseases. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 213(6), 955–960.

Shivachandra S.B., Kumar A.A., Gautam R., Singh V.P., Saxena M.K., Srivastava S.K. (2006). Identification of avian strains of Pasteurella multocida in India by conventional and PCR assays. The Veterinary Journal 172, 561–564

Townsend, K.M., Boyce, J.D., Chung, J.Y., Frost, A.J., Adler, B. (2001). Genetic organisation of Pasteurella multocida cap loci and development of a multiplex capsular PCR typing system. Journal Clinical Microbiology 39, 924–929.

Wendell, M., Sleeman, J., Kratz, G. (2002). Retrospective study of morbidity and mortality of raptors admitted to Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital during 1995 to 1998. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38, 101-106.

Wobeser, G.A (1981). Avian cholera. In Diseases of Wild Waterfowl. Plenum Press, New York, NY, U.S.A, pp.47-60.