Histopathological Lesions Associated with Hyperlipidaemia Induced by Cholesterol and Groundnut Oil in Some Tissues of Albino Rats

Authors

  • Olufunke A. Sodipo Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
  • Halima I. Gambo Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-2051
  • Hassan Abdulsalam University of Maiduguri, Borno State https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1448-4817
  • Fanna I. Abdulrahman Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
  • Umar K. Sandabe Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Keywords:

Hyperlipidaemia, cholesterol, groundnut oil, albino rats

Abstract

The heart, kidney, brain and intestine are tissues associated with hyperlipidaemia, atherosclerosis, ischemia and infarcts. Other tissues may not be so severely affected but may show dysfunctions which can only be seen at histopathology. The effect of oral administration of cholesterol and groundnut oil on some tissues (Heart, lungs, liver, kidney, intestine, spleen and brain) of albino rats was investigated. Ten (10) male albino rats weighing between 155 to 255 g were procured and allowed to acclimatized for 14 days before commencement of the experiment. Rats were fed commercial prepared feed and water ad libitum throughout the experiment. Hyperlipidaemia was induced in the 10 rats by feeding them orally with 1% cholesterol and groundnut (mixed in standard rat feeds) oil for a period of 3 weeks. Thereafter, the rats were humanely sacrificed; tissues were harvested, processed and examined microscopically. The tissue changes observed included interstitial vacuolated mononuclear cell infiltration and marked congestion in the lungs, marked vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, mild gliosis and degenerate neuron in the cerebellum, marked hydropic degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelium, marked erythrophagocytosis in the spleen and severe villous matting and mononuclear infiltrates in the small intestine. Thrombosis was evident in coronary vessels. These findings suggested that orally administration of 1% cholesterol and groundnut induced hyperlipidaemia with resultant tissue architectural alterations.

Author Biographies

Olufunke A. Sodipo, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Olufunke A. Sodipo is a Professor of Pharmacology from the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Halima I. Gambo, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Halima I. Gambo is a Reader and consultant Diagnostic Pathologist with Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Fanna I. Abdulrahman, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Fanna I. Abdulrahman is a professor of Chemistry with Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Umar K. Sandabe, Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Umar K. Sandabe is a Professor of Veterinary Physiology from the Department Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria

References

Abdul Kareem, M., Krushna, G.S., Hussain, S.A., & Devi. K.L (2009). Effect of Aqueous Extract of Nutmeg on Hyperglycaemia, Hyperlipidaemia and Cardiac Histology Associated with Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(4), 337-344. DOI:10.4314/TJPR.V8I4.45227.

Bancroft, J. D., & Gamble, M. (2002). Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques 5th Ed. Edinburgh. Churchill Livingstone, publication Pp: 593-620.

Council of International Organizations of Medical Sessions CIOMS (1985). International Guiding Principles for Biochemical Research involving Animals c/o WHO CH-1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland.

Cotran, R.S., Kumar, V., & Collins, T. (1999). Pathologic Basis of Disease (6th Edition). Phildelphia, PA: W,B. Sauders Company, pp 1201

Curran, R.C., & Crocker, J. (2000). Currans Atlas of Histopathlogy. Harvey Miller Publishers, Oxford University Press, England.

Giao, M.S., Sanjose, G., Muniz, P., Perez, R., Kosinska, M., Pintado, M.E., & Malcata F.X. (2008). Protection of deoxyribose and DNA from degradation by using aqueous extracts of several wild plants. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture, 88, 633–640.

Gopichandchinta, P.K., Pushpa, K.B., Sujata, D., Ranganayakulu, D., & Venkateswarlu, M. (2009). Hypolipidemic activity of the aqueous extract from the Morinda citrifoloa leaves in triton induced hyperlipidemic rats. Pharmacologyonline, 3, 9-28.

Hassan, N.F., Soliman, G.M., Okasha, E.F., & Shalaby, A.M. (2018). Histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study of experimentally induced fatty liver in adult male albino rat and the possible protective role of pomegranate. Journal of Microscopic and Ultrastructure, 6(1): 44-55. Doi: 10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_5_18.

Huang, J., Wang, Y., Ying, C., Liu, L., & Zhaohuan Lou, Z. (2018). Effects of Mulberry Leaf on Experimental Hyperlipidemia Rats Induced by High Fat Diet. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 16(2), 547-556. Doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.6254.

Jacobson, M.S (1998). Heart healthy diet for all children: no longer controversial. Journal of Pediatrics, 133(1), 1-2. Doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70167-2.

Jone, T.C., Hunt, R.D., & King, N.W. (1997). Veterinary Pathology, (6TH edition) pp 1392. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.

Karam, I., Ma, N., Yang, Y.J., & Li J.Y. (2018). Induce Hyperlipidemia in Rats Using High Fat Diet Investigating Blood Lipid and Histopathology. Journal of Hematology and Blood Disorders 4(1), 104. DOI:10.15744/2455-7641.4.104.

Kris-Etherton, P.M., Pearson, T.A., Wan, Y., Hargrove, R.L., Moriarty, K., & Fishell, V. (1999). High monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and Triacylglycerol concentrations. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(6), 1009-1015. Doi: 10.1093/ajcn/70.6.1009.

Kubow S. (1996) The influence of positional distribution of fatty acids in native, inter-esterified and structure-specific lipids on lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 7(10), 530-541. DOI:10.1016/S0955-2863(96)00106-4.

Kumar, T.J., Oonuma, S., Kitiaoka, Y., Tadokoro, M., & Kobayashi, S. (2003). Biochemical and morphological characteristics of spontaneously hypertensive hyperlipidaemic rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 30, 537-544. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03872.x.

Navar-Boggan, A.M., Peterson, E.D., D'Agostino, R.B. Sr., Neely, B., Sniderman, A.D., & Pencina, M.J. (2015). Hyperlipidemia in early adulthood increases long-term risk of coronary heart disease. Circulation, 131, 451-458. PID: 25623155.

Odetola, A.A., Iranloye, Y.O., & Akinloye, O. (2004). Hypolipidaemic potentials of Solanum melongena and Solanum gilo on hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 3(1), 180-187. DOI:10.3923/PJN.2004.180.187.

Ola, S.M., Mostafa, M.S., Zeinab, Y.A., Hanan, A.A., & Heba, S.M. (2011). Improving Effect of Dietary Oat Bran Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Induced by Hyperlipidemic Diet. Researcher, 3(3), 1-10. PMID: 15678289.

Rajadhurai, M., & Prince, P.S.M. (2005). Comparative effect of Aegle marmelos extract and alpha-tocopherol on plasma lipids, lipid peroxides and cardiac marker enzyme levels in rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Singapore Medical Journal, 46, 72-78.

Rehman, S., Mahd, A., & Hasan, M. (2003) Trace metal induced lipid peroxidation in biological system. SFRR (Indian) Bulletin, 2, 12-18.

Shyamala, M.P., Venukumar, M.R., & Latha, M.S. (2003). Antioxidant potential of the syzygium aromaticum (Gaert.) Linn. (Cloves) in rats fed with high fat diet. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, I35, 99-103.

Downloads

Published

31-07-2024

How to Cite

Sodipo, O. A., Gambo, H. I., Abdulsalam, H., Abdulrahman, F. I., & Sandabe, U. K. (2024). Histopathological Lesions Associated with Hyperlipidaemia Induced by Cholesterol and Groundnut Oil in Some Tissues of Albino Rats. International Journal of Livestock Research, 14(7), 14–20. Retrieved from http://ijlr.org/ojs_journal/index.php/ijlr/article/view/704

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.