Pericardial Abscessation - A Sequelae of Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis

Abstract

A seven-year-old lactating non-descript cow was presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, with a history of recurrent fever, inappetence, pain, sudden weight loss, and decreased milk yield for one month. Initial treatment by a local veterinarian, including antibiotics and supportive care, was ineffective. Upon presentation, the cow exhibited a body condition score of 2, lethargy, and depressed mentation. Clinical examination revealed cranial abdominal pain, bilateral jugular engorgement, increased cardiac auscultation area, and other vital signs suggestive of systemic illness. Diagnostic procedures included blood work, radiography, and ultrasonography. The cow showed signs of severe suppurative inflammation, with blood tests revealing moderate anemia and neutrophilic leukocytosis. Radiographs indicated a suspicion of diaphragmatic hernia and the presence of a linear foreign body. Ultrasonography identified a pocket of pericardial abscess & confirmed by ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis yielding purulent material. The abscess was drained aseptically, and the cow was treated with antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and supportive care. Post-drainage, ultrasonography confirmed a reduction in abscess size. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostic and management approaches, combining physical examination, hemato-biochemical tests, ultrasonography, and radiography, for effective management of traumatic pericarditis and associated sequelae due to linear metallic foreign body ingestion.