Cattle Breeding Practice of the Community and Evaluation of Artificial Insemination (AI) after estrus Synchronization in Wondo Genet District, Sidama National Regional State, Southern, Ethiopia

Edao Shanku Duro

Authors

Edao Shanku Duro Department Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Wondo Genet Agricultural research center. P.O. Box 198 Shashemene ETHIOPIA

Keywords:

Artificial Insemination, Breeding, Dairy, Estrus synchronization

Abstract

The study was conducted from November 2018 to March 2020 in 60 households in Wondo Genet district of Sidama region of southern Ethiopia, with the objective to assess cattle breeding practices of the communities and evaluate AI after synchronization. The study was conducted using survey and estrus synchronization. 120 cows and heifers local and crossbreds) have been injected with a single dose of prostaglandin. Natural pasture and crop residues were the major feed sources and river and ponds were the major water source for dairy cattle in the study area. The average daily milk yield was 1.39±0.15 and 6.02±0.93 litters for local and crossbred cows, respectively. The average lactation lengths for local and crossbred dairy cows were 7.2±0.10 and 8.01 ±0.12 months, respectively. The average ages at first services for local and crossbred dairy cows were 39±0.35 and 29 ±0.27months, respectively. Natural mating, AI service, a combination of natural mating and AI service, and hormonal based estrus synchronization were the common mating methods in the study area. About 66.7% of the respondents in the study area have AI service regularly. According to survey results, only 26.7% of respondents were satisfied with hormonal estrus synchronization and the rest were not. Among 120 synchronized animals 89(53local and 36crossbred) was responded to hormonePGF2α. As a result, 80% estrus response was obtained. All cows and heifers responded was inseminated and at day 60pos insemination; pregnancy diagnosis made by trans-rectal palpation and the overall CR of 63% was obtained. All factors concerned like; breed, age, parity of cow/heifer, breed of bull and skills of AI technicians and time of insemination have no (P<0.001) deferent effect on CR. However crossbred (67%), animal parity 3(72.2%7) animal with age3-6 years (63.1%),with inseminated time 11-18hrs(80.8) and animal inseminated with AIT 1(57%) has high CR. It was concluded that the effectiveness of PGF2α used to synchronize estrus in dairy cows/heifers was good and the overall conception rate (63%) was better which is greater than the national level conception rates (7.14 to 40.23) to first inseminations. Artificial insemination technicians should improve their skills through experience and additional training to increase efficiency and effectiveness.

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