Evaluation of Climate Change on the Growth and Reproductive Performance of Sheep - A Review

Abstract

Climate change presents considerable challenges for sheep production, negatively impacting growth performance, reproductive efficiency, and the overall sustainability of flocks. Increased temperatures, feed shortages, high C4 vegetation, and a rise in disease prevalence due to changing climate patterns have resulted in production losses within sheep farming systems. This review examines the genetic, physiological, and management adaptations that can help alleviate the effects of climate stress on sheep. It discusses key genetic markers associated with heat tolerance, metabolic efficiency, and reproductive resilience, highlighting the importance of selective breeding in improving climate adaptation. Furthermore, it assesses nutritional and management strategies, such as enhanced feeding practices and environmental adjustments, as potential solutions to maintain sheep productivity in evolving climates. Gaining insight into these adaptation mechanisms is essential for creating sustainable livestock systems and ensuring the resilience of sheep production in the face of future climate challenges.