A Preliminary Investigation on The Applicability of The Size of Blood Spotted on Filter Paper in The Diagnosis of Anemia in Cattle

Modu Bulama Monguno; Abdullahi Bukar Gambo; Ali Waziri; Haruna Baba Galadima

Authors

Modu Bulama Monguno Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Bukar Gambo Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Ali Waziri Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Haruna Baba Galadima Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

Keywords:

Anemia, Blood Spot, Cattle, Filter Paper, Laboratory Diagnosis, Limited Resources

Abstract

Our peculiar limitations to effective laboratory diagnosis of anemia in Africa and lack of access to quick, on-site options in most situations, as obtained in other parts of the world, warrant the search for accessible local alternatives. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the applicability of the size of blood spotted on filter paper (BS) in the diagnosis of anemia in cattle. For this, blood samples were collected in anticoagulant, from each of the 95 cows presented for slaughter at the abattoir in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Packed cell volume (PCV), Hemoglobin concentration (Hb), total erythrocyte count (RBC), total leucocyte count (TLC), total plasma protein (TP), and BS were determined for each sample. BS value showed a significant albeit weak negative correlation with PCV, Hb, and RBC values. It increased significantly only with severe anemia (when animals were grouped based on PCV levels), unlike Hb, RBC, and TLC values which decreased significantly with all degrees of anemia. Thus, BS increased to some extent with anemia, and the increase was significant only in severe cases. This makes its applicability to the diagnosis of anemia in cattle very limited.

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