Brucellosis is one of the highly contagious diseases with zoonotic potential affecting livestock and humans worldwide. A total of 1391 samples (821 serum samples, 483 milk samples and 87 aborted materials) were collected from eleven districts of Tamil Nadu to assess the current epidemiological status of Brucella infection in the study area. On serological analysis (n=821) the overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 33 (4.02%) by RBT, 36 (4.38%) by STAT and 55 (6.70%) by i-ELISA. In milk, prevalence rate was 4.35 per cent (21/483) by MRT and 5.80 per cent (28/483) by m-ELISA. For bacteriological isolation, 87 aborted materials were screened and 3 isolates were recovered and classified by biochemical tests as B. abortus biovar 2. The isolates were confirmed by PCR targeting bcsp 31 and IS711 genes. To identify the potential risk factors in bovine brucellosis, risk analysis was performed by using structured questionnaire. In risk analysis, aborted history animals, late aborted history animals, husbandry practices – rearing, farm sector, grazing, source of purchasing animals and improper disposal of animal wastes were found to be significant risk factors which may play a role in the prevalence and transmission of the disease.