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Assessment of Welfare through Behavioural, Physiological and Biochemical Measures in Dairy Animals: A Review

Prachurya Biswal Arun Somagond
Vol 10(1), 1-13
DOI- http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20191109022406

Welfare is the adjustment of individuals to the surroundings and it is the state of wellbeing of an animal in the given environment. Its failure leads to sufferings, pain and poor welfare. Generally, the indicators of poor welfare in farm animals are lessened growth, impaired reproductive function, body injury, sickness, immunocompromisation, adrenal activity, behavioural anomalies and self-narcotization which leads to economic losses to the farm, farmer and country. Welfare can be measured in many ways and corrective measures can be taken to improve the poor welfare conditions and eliminate the sufferings of animals to provide them a better and healthy life. The commonly used behavioural measurement methods include temperament, flight zones, visual fields, vocalization scoring, analysing biochemical parameters, physiological parameters etc. If farmers are properly trained it is easy and cheap to compile these measurements so that resource-poor farmers can produce accurate audits on farm welfare. For achieving better production and economics, welfare of animals should be assessed in order to maintain their wellbeing. More research should be done for assessing welfare by modern methods so that animal rights will be protected as well as welfare will be maintained.

Keywords : Animal Welfare Behaviour Assessment Temperament

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